10.数据库集成 | 10. Database integration

数据库集成

添加将数据库连接到Express应用程序的功能只是为应用程序中的数据库加载适当的Node.js驱动程序。本文档简要介绍了如何在Express应用程序中为数据库系统添加和使用一些最流行的Node.js模块:

  • Cassandra

  • Couchbase

  • CouchDB

  • LevelDB

  • MySQL

  • MongoDB

  • Neo4j

  • Oracle

  • PostgreSQL

  • Redis

  • SQL Server

  • SQLite

  • ElasticSearch

这些数据库驱动程序有很多可用的。对于其他选项,请在npm站点上搜索。

Cassandra

模块:cassandra-driver

安装

$ npm install cassandra-driver

示例

var cassandra = require('cassandra-driver') var client = new cassandra.Client{ contactPoints: ['localhost'] }) client.execute('select key from system.local', function (err, result) { if (err) throw err console.log(result.rows[0]) })

Couchbase

模块:couchnode

安装

$ npm install couchbase

示例

var couchbase = require('couchbase') var bucket = (new couchbase.Cluster('http://localhost:8091')).openBucket('bucketName') // add a document to a bucket bucket.insert('document-key', { name: 'Matt', shoeSize: 13 }, function (err, result) { if (err) { console.log(err) } else { console.log(result) } }) // get all documents with shoe size 13 var n1ql = 'SELECT d.* FROM `bucketName` d WHERE shoeSize = $1' var query = N1qlQuery.fromString(n1ql) bucket.query(query, [13], function (err, result) { if (err) { console.log(err) } else { console.log(result) } })

CouchDB

模块:nano

安装

$ npm install nano

示例

var nano = require('nano')('http://localhost:5984') nano.db.create('books') var books = nano.db.use('books') // Insert a book document in the books database books.insert{ name: 'The Art of war' }, null, function (err, body) { if (err) { console.log(err) } else { console.log(body) } }) // Get a list of all books books.list(function (err, body) { if (err) { console.log(err) } else { console.log(body.rows) } })

LevelDB

模块:levelup

安装

$ npm install level levelup leveldown

示例

var levelup = require('levelup') var db = levelup('./mydb') db.put('name', 'LevelUP', function (err) { if (err) return console.log('Ooops!', err) db.get('name', function (err, value) { if (err) return console.log('Ooops!', err) console.log('name=' + value) }) })

MySQL

模块:mysql

安装

$ npm install mysql

示例

var mysql = require('mysql') var connection = mysql.createConnection{ host : 'localhost', user : 'dbuser', password : 's3kreee7', database : 'my_db' } connection.connect() connection.query('SELECT 1 + 1 AS solution', function (err, rows, fields) { if (err) throw err console.log('The solution is: ', rows[0].solution) }) connection.end()

MongoDB

Module: mongodb

安装

$ npm install mongodb

示例

var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient MongoClient.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/animals', function (err, db) { if (err) throw err db.collection('mammals').find().toArray(function (err, result) { if (err) throw err console.log(result) }) })

如果你想要一个MongoDB的对象模型驱动程序,看看Mongoose

Neo4j

模块:apoc

安装

$ npm install apoc

示例

var apoc = require('apoc') apoc.query('match (n) return n').exec().then( function (response) { console.log(response) }, function (fail) { console.log(fail) } )

Oracle

模块:oracledb

安装

注:请参阅安装先决条件

$ npm install oracledb

示例

const oracledb = require('oracledb' const config = { user: '<your db user>', // Update me password: '<your db password>', // Update me connectString: 'localhost:1521/orcl' // Update me }; async function getEmployee(empId) { let conn; try { conn = await oracledb.getConnection(config const result = await conn.execute( 'select * from employees where employee_id = :id', [empId] console.log(result.rows[0] } catch (err) { console.log('Ouch!', err } finally { if (conn) { // conn assignment worked, need to close await conn.close( } } } getEmployee(101

PostgreSQL

模块:pg-promise

安装

$ npm install pg-promise

示例

var pgp = require('pg-promise')(/*options*/) var db = pgp('postgres://username:password@host:port/database') db.one('SELECT $1 AS value', 123) .then(function (data) { console.log('DATA:', data.value) }) .catch(function (error) { console.log('ERROR:', error) })

Redis

模块:redis

安装

$ npm install redis

示例

var client = require('redis').createClient() client.on('error', function (err) { console.log('Error ' + err) }) client.set('string key', 'string val', redis.print) client.hset('hash key', 'hashtest 1', 'some value', redis.print) client.hset(['hash key', 'hashtest 2', 'some other value'], redis.print) client.hkeys('hash key', function (err, replies) { console.log(replies.length + ' replies:') replies.forEach(function (reply, i) { console.log(' ' + i + ': ' + reply) }) client.quit() })

SQL Server

模块:tedious

安装

$ npm install tedious

示例

var Connection = require('tedious').Connection; var Request = require('tedious').Request; var config = { userName: 'your_username', // update me password: 'your_password', // update me server: 'localhost' } var connection = new Connection(config connection.on('connect', function(err) { if (err) { console.log(err } else { executeStatement( } } function executeStatement() { request = new Request("select 123, 'hello world'", function(err, rowCount) { if (err) { console.log(err } else { console.log(rowCount + ' rows' } connection.close( } request.on('row', function(columns) { columns.forEach(function(column) { if (column.value === null) { console.log('NULL' } else { console.log(column.value } } } connection.execSql(request }

SQLite

模块:sqlite3

安装

$ npm install sqlite3

示例

var sqlite3 = require('sqlite3').verbose() var db = new sqlite3.Database(':memory:') db.serialize(function () { db.run('CREATE TABLE lorem (info TEXT)') var stmt = db.prepare('INSERT INTO lorem VALUES (?)') for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) { stmt.run('Ipsum ' + i) } stmt.finalize() db.each('SELECT rowid AS id, info FROM lorem', function (err, row) { console.log(row.id + ': ' + row.info) }) }) db.close()

ElasticSearch

模块:elasticsearch

安装

$ npm install elasticsearch

示例

var elasticsearch = require('elasticsearch') var client = elasticsearch.Client{ host: 'localhost:9200' }) client.search{ index: 'books', type: 'book', body: { query: { multi_match: { query: 'express js', fields: ['title', 'description'] } } } }).then(function (response) { var hits = response.hits.hits }, function (error) { console.trace(error.message) })