Returning References
Returning References
Returning by reference is useful when you want to use a function to find to which variable a reference should be bound. Do not use return-by-reference to increase performance. The engine will automatically optimize this on its own. Only return references when you have a valid technical reason to do so. To return references, use this syntax:
<?php
class foo {
public $value = 42;
public function &getValue() {
return $this->value;
}
}
$obj = new foo;
$myValue = &$obj->getValue( // $myValue is a reference to $obj->value, which is 42.
$obj->value = 2;
echo $myValue; // prints the new value of $obj->value, i.e. 2.
?>
In this example, the property of the object returned by the getValue function would be set, not the copy, as it would be without using reference syntax.
Note: Unlike parameter passing, here you have to use & in both places - to indicate that you want to return by reference, not a copy, and to indicate that reference binding, rather than usual assignment, should be done for $myValue.Note: If you try to return a reference from a function with the syntax: return ($this->value this will not work as you are attempting to return the result of an expression, and not a variable, by reference. You can only return variables by reference from a function - nothing else. Since PHP 5.1.0, an E_NOTICE error is issued if the code tries to return a dynamic expression or a result of the new operator.
To use the returned reference, you must use reference assigment:
<?php
function &collector() {
static $collection = array(
return $collection;
}
$collection = &collector(
$collection[] = 'foo';
?>
To pass the returned reference to another function expecting a reference you can use this syntax:
<?php
function &collector() {
static $collection = array(
return $collection;
}
array_push(collector(), 'foo'
?>
Note:Notethatarray_push(&collector(), 'foo' will not work, it results in a fatal error.
← Passing by Reference
Unsetting References →
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https://secure.php.net/manual/en/language.references.return.php
