将JavaScript的jQuery库中表单转化为JSON对象的方法

将JavaScript的jQuery库中表单转化为JSON对象

大家知道Jquery中有serialize方法，可以将表单序列化为一个“&”连接的字符串，但却没有提供序列化为Json的方法。不过，我们可以写一个插件实现。

有人用替换的方法，先用serialize序列化后，将&替换成“：”、“‘”：

/**
* 重置form表单
* @param formId form的id
*/
function resetQuery(formId){
var fid = "#" + formId;
var str = $(fid).serialize(
//str= cardSelectDate=3&startdate=2012-02-01&enddate=2012-02-04
var ob= strToObj(str
alert(ob.startdate //2012-02-01
}
function strToObj(str){
str = str.replace(/&/g, "','" 
str = str.replace(/=/g, "':'" 
str = "{'" +str + "'})" ;
obj = eval(str
return obj;
}

/** 
   * 重置form表单 
   * @param formId form的id  
   */ 
  function resetQuery(formId){  
    var fid = "#" + formId;  
    var str = $(fid).serialize(  
    //str= cardSelectDate=3&startdate=2012-02-01&enddate=2012-02-04  
    var ob= strToObj(str  
    alert(ob.startdate//2012-02-01  
  }  
     
  function strToObj(str){  
    str = str.replace(/&/g,"','"  
    str = str.replace(/=/g,"':'"  
    str = "{'"+str +"'})";  
    obj = eval(str   
    return obj;  
  }

不过这样做有bug。

其他的方法是，先用serializeArray序列化为数组，再封装为Json对象。

下面是表单：

< form id = "myForm" action = "#" >
< input name = "name" />
< input name = "age" />
< input type = "submit" />
</ form >
 
<form id="myForm" action="#"> 
  <input name="name"/> 
  <input name="age"/> 
  <input type="submit"/> 
</form>

Jquery插件代码：

( function ($){
$.fn.serializeJson= function (){
var serializeObj={};
$( this .serializeArray()).each( function (){
serializeObj[ this .name]= this .value;
}
return serializeObj;
};
})(jQuery
 
(function($){ 
    $.fn.serializeJson=function(){ 
      var serializeObj={}; 
      $(this.serializeArray()).each(function(){ 
        serializeObj[this.name]=this.value; 
      } 
      return serializeObj; 
    }; 
  })(jQuery

测试一下：

$("#myForm").bind("submit",function(e){
 
e.preventDefault(
console.log($( this ).serializeJson()
}
 
  e.preventDefault( 
  console.log($(this).serializeJson() 
}

测试结果：

输入a，b提交，得到序列化结果：

{age: "b",name: "a"}

进一步优化

上面的插件，不能适用于有多个值的输入控件，例如复选框、多选的select。下面，将插件做进一步的修改，让其支持多选。代码如下：

( function ($){
$.fn.serializeJson= function (){
var serializeObj={};
var array= this .serializeArray(
var str= this .serialize(
$(array).each( function (){
if (serializeObj[ this .name]){
if ($.isArray(serializeObj[ this .name])){
serializeObj[ this .name].push( this .value
} else {
serializeObj[ this .name]=[serializeObj[ this .name], this .value];
}
} else {
serializeObj[ this .name]= this .value;
}
}
return serializeObj;
};
})(jQuery

(function($){ 
    $.fn.serializeJson=function(){ 
      var serializeObj={}; 
      var array=this.serializeArray( 
      var str=this.serialize( 
      $(array).each(function(){ 
        if(serializeObj[this.name]){ 
          if($.isArray(serializeObj[this.name])){ 
            serializeObj[this.name].push(this.value 
          }else{ 
            serializeObj[this.name]=[serializeObj[this.name],this.value]; 
          } 
        }else{ 
          serializeObj[this.name]=this.value;  
        } 
      } 
      return serializeObj; 
    }; 
  })(jQuery

这里，将多选的值封装为一个数值来进行处理。如果大家使用的时候需要将多选的值封装为“,"连接的字符串或者其他形式，请自行修改相应代码。

测试如下：

表单：

< form id = "myForm" action = "#" >
< input name = "name" />
< input name = "age" />
< select multiple = "multiple" name = "interest" size = "2" >
< option value = "interest1" > interest1 </ option >
< option value = "interest2" > interest2 </ option >
< option value = "interest3" > interest3 </ option >
< option value = "interest4" > interest4 </ option >
</ select >
< input type = "checkbox" name = "vehicle" value = "Bike" /> I have a bike
< input type = "checkbox" name = "vehicle" value = "Car" /> I have a car
< input type = "submit" />
</ form >

<form id="myForm" action="#"> 
  <input name="name"/> 
  <input name="age"/> 
  <select multiple="multiple" name="interest" size="2"> 
    <option value ="interest1">interest1</option> 
    <option value ="interest2">interest2</option> 
    <option value="interest3">interest3</option> 
    <option value="interest4">interest4</option> 
  </select> 
  <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Bike" /> I have a bike 
  <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Car" /> I have a car 
  <input type="submit"/> 
</form>

< form id = "myForm" action = "#" >
< input name = "name" />
< input name = "age" />
< select multiple = "multiple" name = "interest" size = "2" >
< option value = "interest1" > interest1 </ option >
< option value = "interest2" > interest2 </ option >
< option value = "interest3" > interest3 </ option >
< option value = "interest4" > interest4 </ option >
</ select >
< input type = "checkbox" name = "vehicle" value = "Bike" /> I have a bike
< input type = "checkbox" name = "vehicle" value = "Car" /> I have a car
< input type = "submit" />
</ form >

<form id="myForm" action="#"> 
  <input name="name"/> 
  <input name="age"/> 
  <select multiple="multiple" name="interest" size="2"> 
    <option value ="interest1">interest1</option> 
    <option value ="interest2">interest2</option> 
    <option value="interest3">interest3</option> 
    <option value="interest4">interest4</option> 
  </select> 
  <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Bike" /> I have a bike 
  <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Car" /> I have a car 
  <input type="submit"/> 
</form>

测试结果：

{age: "aa",interest: ["interest2", "interest4"],name: "dd",vehicle:["Bike","Car"]}

处理序列化时的空格问题

jquery的 serialize()方法，可以对表单项进行序列化，这本来是很方便的一个功能；但是实际使用中有时会出现如下问题：

例如：

<input name="content" value="ddd 567"/>

在执行 serialize()方法后，得到的却是 ddd+567这样的字符串；即jquery的序列化方法对空格进行了转义，转换成了 + 号。

解决方法

由于serialize()方法对真正的“+”号转义的是％２Ｂ，所以可以对serialize()后的结果进行符号替换。

例如：

<input name="content" value="ddd + 567 + 987"/>

<script>
var a= $('$frm1').serialize( //序列化，默认会调用encodeURIComponent()进行编码
alert(a // content=ddd+++567+++987
var b = a.replace(/\\+/g," "  // g表示对整个字符串中符合条件的都进行替换
b = decodeURIComponent(b //对serialize后的内容进行解码
alert(b // content=ddd + 567 + 987
</script>